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X’s Grok deepfake controversy exposes fragmented global online safety enforcement

By Patricia Figueiredo, Henrique Santiago and Sara Brandstätter ( January 16, 2026, 15:12 GMT | Comment) -- The outcry over the use of X’s Grok chatbot to create sexualized deepfakes has provided a global stress-test of online safety laws and highlighted how national legal frameworks are shaping different approaches to enforcement of digital platforms. Malaysia and Indonesia blocked the tool, the UK and the EU have taken more gradual steps, while authorities in the US, Canada, Brazil and Australia are weighing various different options to regulate the company.X’s chatbot Grok has triggered outrage around the world for being used to generate sexualized images of women and minors without their permission. But the different official responses, from outright bans to potentially lengthy regulatory probes, has also highlighted a fragmented global online safety enforcement driven in many cases by national political concerns. ...

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